加密
加密解密相关常用概念 ：
- Plain Text ： 明文，可以被人类或者激情理解的内容
- Ciphertext ： 密文，加密后的内容，一般不能直接被人类或者机器所理解，需要解密
- Encryption ： 将
Plain Text转换为Ciphertext的过程，通常使用一种加密算法（Encrypt Algorithm） - Decryption ： 解密，将
Ciphertext转换为Plain Text的过程，通常使用和加密算法（Encrypt Algorithm）相对应的解密算法（Decrypt Algorithms） - Cipher ： 加密和解密过程中算法使用的密码。
- Block Cipher ： 在对数据进行加密之前，需要首先将其分割成块（Block）
- Stream Cipher ： 加密过程中无需将其分割成块（Block）
- Key ： 通常值密钥对（公钥/私钥）
以下是一些较为经典的加密算法
| Algorithm | Description | |
|---|---|---|
AESAdvanced Encryption Standard, also called Rijndael |
- Symmetric Cryptography - Block Cipher 。encrypting data in 128-, 192-, 256-, 512- bit， blocks using a 128-, 192-, 256, or 512-bit key |
|
Blowfish |
- Symmetric Cryptography - Block Cipher 。encrypting data in 64-bit blocks using the same 32-bit to 448-bit keys for encrypting/decrypting. |
|
CAST5 |
- Symmetric Cryptography - Block Cipher 。 encrypting data in 64-bit blocks using the same up to 128-bit key for encrypting/decrypting. |
|
DESData Encryption Standard |
已经被认为是不安全的 - Symmetric Cryptography - Block Cipher 。encrypting data in 64-bit blocks using the same 56-bit key for encrypting/decrypting. |
|
3DES |
增强的 DES 加密算法 - Symmetric Cryptography Data is encrypted up to 48 times with three different 56-bit keys before the encryption process is completed. |
|
IDEA |
- Symmetric Cryptography - Block Cipher 。 encrypting data in 64-bit blocks using the same 128-bit key for encrypting/decrypting |
|
RC5 |
- Symmetric Cryptography - Block Cipher 。 encrypting data in 32-, 64-``, or 128- bit blocks ，using the same up to 2,048-bit keys for encrypting/decrypting |
|
RC6 |
- Symmetric Cryptography Same as RC5, but slightly faster |
|
EI Gamal |
- Asymmetric Cryptography Uses two keys derived from a logarithm algorithm |
|
Elliptic Curve Cryptosystems |
- Asymmetric Cryptography Uses two keys derived from an algorithm containing two randomly chosen points on an elliptic curve. |
|
RC4 also called ArcFour or ARC4 |
- Stream Cipher encrypting data in 64-bit blocks using a variable key size for encrypting/decrypting. |
|
RSA |
最流行的非对称加密算法，使用 Public/Private Key 进行加解密- Asymmetric Cryptography |
